OCR GCSE Psychology psychological problems overview quiz (J203) quiz

Failure to function adequately

Deviation from social norms

Statistical infrequency

Deviation from ideal mental health

Only because doctors now detect and diagnose far more existing cases than they once did

Both better recognition and reduced stigma, and some genuine increase

Only because there has been a real genuine increase in the underlying number of cases

It has not actually risen at all, the figures are simply a recording error

Dopamine

Adrenaline

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Raising the person's serotonin levels with daily antidepressant medication

Pairing the depressing situation with a nausea-inducing drug to build an aversion

Physically removing the person from every stressful situation in their daily life

Identifying, challenging and replacing negative thoughts

Negative reinforcement

Positive reinforcement

Classical conditioning

Punishment

Operant conditioning, learning through rewards and punishments

Classical conditioning

Social learning by observing and imitating role models

Insight learning through sudden understanding of a problem

The gene directly and reliably caused depression entirely on its own, regardless of how many stressful life events a person actually faced

The gene had no measurable effect on depression at all, and only stressful life events on their own predicted it

People with two short alleles became depressed much more often when they faced many stressful events (a gene-environment interaction)

Only people who carried two long alleles of the gene ever became depressed, whatever stress they experienced

Directly and strongly, regardless of the user's feelings

It was found to have no real link with depression at all

Through a rise in healthy exercise that the use encouraged

Through envy, which mediated the relationship

Lost productivity and healthcare costs

Damaged personal relationships with family and friends

Poor sleep and a noticeably reduced appetite

Low self-esteem and persistent feelings of worthlessness

It has no real effect at all on the person's wellbeing or on whether they choose to ask for help

It can make them ashamed to seek help and cause discrimination, deepening the problem

It guarantees them much faster access to treatment and support services

It directly raises their serotonin levels and so improves their mood