WJEC A-Level Geography Contemporary Themes and Fieldwork (A2 Unit 4) overview quiz quiz

Constructive (divergent)

Destructive (convergent)

Conservative (transform)

A hotspot

Event magnitude

Distance from epicentre

Vulnerability

National wealth

Ground shaking

A volcanic eruption

Mantle convection

A tsunami

A community of interdependent organisms together with their abiotic environment

A single species living entirely alone, with no interaction with any other organisms

Only the non-living, abiotic parts of an environment, such as the soil, water and climate

A list of food chains and food webs considered without any reference to the environment

Because brand new energy is created at each trophic level by the organisms living there

Because energy is lost as heat through respiration and in movement, excretion and uneaten parts

Because nutrients are fully recycled at each trophic level, leaving only a tenth of the energy behind

Because the producers at the base absorb all of the available energy before it can pass on

Energy is fully recycled within the system, while the nutrients are steadily lost from it

Both the energy and the nutrients are created brand new at each successive trophic level

Energy flows through and is lost from the system, while nutrients cycle and are reused

Neither the energy nor the nutrients actually move through the ecosystem at all over time

GDP per capita, a purely economic measure

GNI per capita, measuring income alone

The Gini coefficient of income inequality

The Human Development Index

Frank's dependency theory

Rostow's modernisation model

The demographic transition model

The Park model

A single fieldwork data-collection method, such as a questionnaire or a river-channel survey carried out in the field

The structured sequence from question and hypotheses to data, presentation, analysis, conclusions and evaluation

Only the final written-up conclusion of the whole investigation, with the data and analysis left out completely

A statistical test, such as Spearman's rank, used to analyse the data collected during the fieldwork stage

Sampling every nth point along a transect at fixed regular intervals across the area

Choosing sampling points purely at random across the whole of the study area by chance

Dividing the population into subgroups and sampling each in proportion

Sampling only the most convenient and easily accessible locations within the study area

It removes the need to collect any primary data of your own in the field altogether

It guarantees that the original hypothesis being tested is always definitely correct beyond any real doubt

It completely replaces the need for the investigation to reach a conclusion of its own

It tests the strength and direction of a relationship objectively and allows significance to be judged

In the critical evaluation of reliability, validity and limitations

In simply describing the data-collection method used, in as much detail as possible

In choosing the broadest and most general possible question for the investigation

In carefully avoiding any kind of statistical analysis of the data that was collected