Earth's Resources: SQA Higher Environmental Science Area 2 quiz quiz

Crust, mantle, core

Core, mantle, crust

Mantle, crust, core

Crust, core, mantle

Molten magma cools and solidifies into crystals

An existing rock is changed by heat and pressure without melting

Sediments are deposited in layers and then compacted and cemented

Rock is dissolved completely and re-precipitated as gas

Weathering transports rock away; erosion breaks it down in place

Weathering breaks rock down in place; erosion transports the material away

Both terms mean exactly the same thing

Weathering only occurs underwater; erosion only occurs on land

Chemical weathering

Erosion by wind

Biological weathering

Physical (mechanical) weathering

It forms only over hundreds to thousands of years

It forms again within a single growing season

It is made entirely of freshly melted rock

It contains no organic matter at all

About 50 percent

About 30 percent

About 97 percent

About 3 percent

The added nutrients poison the fish directly

Decomposers breaking down the dead algal bloom use up the dissolved oxygen

The algal bloom raises the water temperature too high

The nutrients make the water too acidic for fish

Adding fertiliser, then heating, then bottling

Settling solids only, then returning the water to a river

Screening and filtration to remove solids, then disinfection to kill pathogens

Mixing in sewage, then evaporating the water completely

The age of the underlying rock alone

Climate, especially temperature and precipitation, varying with latitude and altitude

The number of human settlements nearby

The colour of the local soil

Timber harvested from a forest

Fish caught from the sea

Carbon storage and climate regulation by forests

Cotton fibre grown as a crop

9,000 cubic metres or less per year, with replanting

12,000 cubic metres per year

15,000 cubic metres per year

Any rate, because forests always recover

About 78 percent oxygen and 21 percent nitrogen

About 50 percent nitrogen and 50 percent carbon dioxide

About 78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen

About 90 percent carbon dioxide and 10 percent oxygen

Greenhouse gases reflect all incoming sunlight back into space

Greenhouse gases absorb outgoing infrared radiation and re-radiate some back to the surface

The ozone layer traps heat in the stratosphere

Oxygen in the air burns slowly to release heat

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Carbon dioxide and methane

Chlorofluorocarbons and ozone

Nitrogen and oxygen

Acid rain falling on lakes and forests

Eutrophication of rivers and lakes

Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer

Formation of new sedimentary rock