OCR GCSE Geography B Urban Futures and Dynamic Development overview quiz quiz

A city with global financial influence over world trade, culture and decision-making, whatever its population

A city with a population over 10 million

Any capital city, since being the seat of national government is what makes a settlement count as a megacity

A city with no informal economy at all, where every single worker has a recorded, taxed and regulated job

Counter-urbanisation and emigration, as people move out of the crowded cities and away to the countryside

Falling birth rates and an ageing population, with fewer young people being born in the cities each year

Rural-to-urban migration and natural increase

Deindustrialisation and decline, as old factories shut down and people leave the city to look for work

Built legally with full planning permission and connected to clean water, sanitation and electricity

Located in the wealthiest part of the city, on prime land owned by the residents who live there

Provided free by the government as high-quality housing with all services laid on for the residents

Built illegally, overcrowded, with poor access to services

Work that is not officially recorded, taxed or regulated

Work that is officially recorded, taxed and regulated, with a contract and legal protection for the worker

Only jobs in large factories, where workers are employed on official contracts and paid a regular wage

Government employment, meaning secure, recorded jobs working for the state with a pension and protection

A large government-built metro system, planned and funded entirely from the top by the national government

Community-led self-help housing and micro-finance

A national mass-housing programme, designed and rolled out across the whole country by the state

A new motorway built by the state, a large top-down project led and paid for by the national government

By increasing the number of private cars on the roads, so that more people can drive into the city centre

By using more fossil fuels to run the buses and trains, raising the city's carbon emissions even further

By cutting congestion, air pollution and carbon emissions

By making the city less accessible, so that people without their own car can no longer reach jobs and services

Only average income per person

Only the birth rate and death rate

Only literacy and gender equality

Income, health and education

It is an average that hides inequality within a country

It is always recorded as far too low, so every country looks much poorer than it really is in practice

It measures only the health of a population, such as life expectancy, and ignores income altogether

It cannot be compared between countries at all, because each country measures its wealth in a different way

A long history of colonialism, which is a historical cause of uneven development rather than a physical one

A landlocked location with no coastline

A large national debt owed to other countries, which is an economic cause rather than a physical one

Widespread government corruption, which is a political cause of uneven development rather than a physical one

Countries are kept permanently dependent and poor by the wealthier nations that exploit them, as dependency theory argues

Development is completely impossible for poor countries, which can never move beyond a traditional society

All countries can pass through five stages of economic growth

Only physical factors such as climate and location matter for whether a country can ever develop

A ranked list of the world's richest countries, drawn up each year by the United Nations

A type of international debt that poor countries owe to richer nations and global banks

A single measure of how quickly cities are growing in the developing world each year

17 UN global targets to be achieved by 2030

It frees up money previously spent on repayments to invest in development

It increases the country's debt repayments, leaving even less money to spend on schools and hospitals

It bans all international trade, so the country must produce everything it needs entirely on its own

It removes the need for any aid, because once debt is cancelled the country no longer needs any help