OCR GCSE Geography B Distinctive Landscapes overview quiz quiz

They are made of soft, easily eroded rock that wears down quickly

They are made of hard, resistant rock that stands high

They have the warmest and driest climate in the whole country

They were never glaciated during the most recent ice age period

Population, wealth and local politics together

Latitude, longitude and altitude of the place

Geology, climate and human activity

Tides, currents and prevailing winds only

It slowly dissolves the rock through a chemical reaction

It evaporates and leaves behind growing salt crystals

It simply washes the loose rock away down the slope

It freezes and expands, widening cracks

Weathering breaks rock in place; erosion wears it away and removes it

They are exactly the same process, just described using two different words

Weathering only ever happens at the coast, never inland on hills or in rivers

Erosion only ever happens deep underground, well below the visible surface

Stack, arch, cave, crack

Crack, cave, arch, stack

Arch, stack, crack, cave

Cave, stack, arch, crack

In a straight line directly out to the open sea

Only during storms, moving straight towards the cliff

In a zig-zag, in the direction of the prevailing wind

Vertically up and then back down the same beach

Hard rock dissolves much faster than the soft rock beneath it

Deposition gradually builds a step of sediment across the river

The river water freezes solid in winter and cracks open the bed

Soft rock is eroded faster beneath hard rock, undercutting it

On the outside of the bend

On the inside of the bend, where the flow is slowest

Only at the source, high up near the start of the river

Evenly across the whole width of the river channel

By the river water freezing solid right across the valley each winter

By repeated flooding depositing silt across the valley floor

By hard engineering walls being built along both banks of the river

By the sea flooding the river mouth and drowning the lower valley

They work fully with natural coastal processes, never against them

They need no maintenance at all once they have first been installed

They starve the coast further down-drift of sediment

They are always far and away the cheapest defence option available

Building a tall concrete flood wall along the bank

Straightening the channel to speed the water away

Building a large concrete dam across the valley

Floodplain zoning and river restoration

It is not cost-effective to defend low-value land, and salt marsh absorbs wave energy

It is by far the single most expensive coastal management option a council can choose

It guarantees that absolutely no land is ever lost to the sea, now or in the future

It is required by national law everywhere along the whole of the coastline of the UK