OCR A-Level Sociology Component 2 social inequalities overview quiz quiz

It is exploitation by the ruling class, who use unequal rewards to keep the workers subordinate

It is necessary for role allocation in a meritocracy

It is declining in importance as societies become more equal and class boundaries break down

It is based on status and party as much as class, in line with Weber's three-dimensional model

One, namely class alone, in the manner of Marx's single economic dimension

Two, namely class and status, with party left out of Weber's model entirely

Three

Four, adding a separate dimension of cultural capital to the other three

Money and property inherited from parents, which Bourdieu would instead call economic capital

Useful social networks and connections, which Bourdieu would instead call social capital

A form of official statistics on social class compiled by the government for research purposes

The knowledge, tastes and language valued by institutions that advantage the middle class

A class of insecure, low-paid workers

The ruling class, who own the means of production and hold economic and political power

The traditional working class in stable, unionised manufacturing jobs of the kind now declining

The underclass, a group seen as cut off from mainstream work and dependent on state benefits

Horizontal segregation, where women and men are concentrated in different sectors of work

An invisible barrier blocking women from reaching the top of organisations

The gender pay gap, the difference in average earnings between women and men across the economy

The dual burden, where women do paid work as well as the bulk of unpaid housework at home

Four structures of patriarchy, namely paid work, housework, the state and male violence

Two classes, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, which is Marx's model rather than Walby's

Six structures including paid work, the state and male violence

Three dimensions of patriarchy, namely class, status and party, echoing Weber's framework

That racism in Britain had effectively ended and was no longer built into its institutions

That ethnicity does not affect life chances, which are shaped instead by social class alone

That class is the main inequality, and that ethnic divisions are largely a reflection of it

That the Metropolitan Police was institutionally racist

They form a reserve army of labour and are scapegoated to divide the working class

They are fully assimilated into the mainstream and face no real disadvantage under capitalism

They face no discrimination, since the labour market under capitalism rewards everyone equally

They control the means of production and form part of the ruling class in a capitalist society

They should keep working indefinitely and remain in their social roles for as long as possible

They are encouraged to withdraw from roles so the young can take over

They face no inequality at all, since age is a status that everyone passes through in turn

They control most of society's wealth and so hold a privileged rather than a disadvantaged position

Only class matters, and all other inequalities are ultimately a reflection of economic position

Inequality is steadily declining as societies modernise and become more open and meritocratic

Class, gender, ethnicity and age interact rather than acting alone

Inequality is purely biological, rooted in natural differences rather than in social structures