Eduqas A-Level Geography Global Governance and 21st Century Challenges (Component 2, Sections B and C) overview quiz quiz

From higher-income to lower-income regions, reversing the usual flow

Only within single cities, with no movement between countries at all

From lower-income to higher-income regions, along major corridors

Entirely random, following no detectable spatial pattern whatsoever

An economic migrant

A voluntary migrant

A commuter

A refugee

The emigration of skilled and educated people from a source country, weakening its workforce and services

The arrival of skilled and educated migrants in a host country, strengthening its workforce and public services

A type of remittance payment sent home by workers who have emigrated abroad

A border control policy used to restrict the entry of low-skilled workers

Only by global institutions such as the United Nations and the IOM

By nation states, regional blocs and global institutions together

Only by individual people deciding privately where they wish to move

It is not governed at all, being left entirely to market forces

Because one single country owns them all and controls every part of the open sea

Because they contain no resources of any economic value to states, fishing fleets or energy companies whatsoever

Because much of the ocean lies beyond national jurisdiction and is shared by all, owned by no single state

Because they are entirely enclosed by the territorial waters of coastal nations

That shared and unowned resources are always carefully managed and conserved by the various states and users who depend upon them

That the oceans cannot ever be polluted because they are simply too vast for human activity to damage in any way

That states never compete over the sea because all marine resources are abundant and freely available to everyone

That because the resource is shared and unowned, each user overexploits it (overfishing, pollution), degrading it for everyone

200 nautical miles, exclusive rights to resources (but not sovereignty over the water)

12 nautical miles, granting the coastal state full and complete sovereignty

24 nautical miles, granting only limited customs and immigration enforcement

Unlimited distance, granting the coastal state full and permanent ownership of the entire open sea

They are identical in every respect, both extending to precisely the same distance and granting exactly the same legal rights to the state

Territorial waters (12 nautical miles) give full sovereignty; the EEZ (200 nautical miles) gives only exclusive resource rights

Territorial waters are part of the high seas and so lie beyond the coastal state's national jurisdiction

The EEZ gives full sovereignty over the water column while territorial waters give only resource rights

By-catch, the unintended capture of non-target fish species

A shipping chokepoint controlling key maritime trade routes

Ocean acidification from absorbed carbon dioxide

An exclusive economic zone declared by a coastal state

They are far too small in area to make any meaningful difference to marine biodiversity

They successfully ban absolutely all human activity within their boundaries at all times of the year

They are located only on land and so cover no part of the ocean or coastal waters at all

Many are weakly enforced 'paper parks' where illegal fishing continues despite the designation

Synopticity: drawing together physical and human geography across scales, using a stimulus resource

Straightforward recall of a single topic studied earlier in the course, with no synthesis required

Only mathematical and statistical calculation using the data given in the stimulus resource provided

Memorisation of definitions and key terms only, with no application or extended evaluation needed

Because they are completely unrelated and each one unfolds in total isolation from all the others, so studying them separately captures the full picture entirely

Because they are interconnected: climate change drives water insecurity and migration, inequality determines vulnerability, and urbanisation concentrates risk

Because only one genuine challenge truly exists and the others are merely minor symptoms of that single overriding problem facing the world today

Because none of them can ever be governed at any scale, so analysing them together or apart makes no practical difference to outcomes at all