AQA A-Level Philosophy 4.1.2 Moral philosophy overview quiz quiz

The differing quality of the higher and the lower pleasures that an action produces

The underlying intentions and the motives that lie behind a person's action

The quantity of pleasure using factors such as intensity, duration and certainty

Whether following a given rule reliably maximises happiness over time

Higher pleasures are simply more intense in feeling than lower pleasures, but no different in kind

Higher pleasures always last for a noticeably longer time than the lower bodily pleasures do

Higher pleasures can be felt only by the majority of people, while the few miss out on them

Higher pleasures are superior in quality, as judged by competent judges who have experienced both

Its hedonism, that pleasure is the only intrinsic good

Its impartiality, that everyone's happiness counts equally

Its consequentialism, judging acts only by their outcomes

Its use of rules rather than judging each act individually

Happiness and well-being

A good will

Pleasure and the absence of pain

Knowledge of the world

The Formula of Universal Law

The greatest happiness principle

The Formula of Humanity

The doctrine of the mean

A passing feeling of pleasure that comes and goes from moment to moment

Strict obedience to a fixed set of binding moral rules and duties

The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people in society

Flourishing or living well, the final end of human life

Cowardice and rashness

Generosity and meanness

Honesty and deceit

Temperance and indulgence

Habituation through repeated practice

Practical wisdom (phronesis)

Eudaimonia, the final human end

The good will acting from duty

Whether moral facts, if there are any, are natural properties or non-natural properties

Whether morality ultimately comes from the commands of God or from human reason alone

Whether moral judgements are truth-apt beliefs or non-truth-apt expressions of attitude

Whether it is individual actions or general rules that are properly assessed as right

Cognitivist and realist, holding moral claims are true descriptions of real values

Non-cognitivist and anti-realist, holding moral claims merely express attitudes

Non-cognitivist and realist, holding attitudes track genuine objective values

Cognitivist but anti-realist, holding all moral claims are false

Defining good as a natural property

Deriving an ought from an is

Treating moral claims as expressions of emotion

Assuming morality requires God

As a true description of a moral fact that exists out there in the world

As an expression of the speaker's disapproval, not a truth-apt claim

As a universal prescription commanding that no one anywhere should steal

As a command issued directly by God that human beings must obey