WJEC A-Level Biology Unit 1 Basic Biochemistry and Cell Organisation overview quiz quiz

Hydrolysis

An oxidation reaction

Condensation

Reduction

Blue to brick-red

Orange-brown to blue-black

A white emulsion

Blue to lilac or purple

A peptidoglycan (murein) cell wall

Ribosomes for protein synthesis on the cytoplasm

A partially permeable cell-surface membrane

A membrane-bound true nucleus

4 micrometres

40 micrometres

0.4 micrometres

400 micrometres

Active movement of water from low to high water potential powered directly by ATP hydrolysis

Movement of dissolved solutes down their concentration gradient through channel proteins

Movement of water from higher to lower water potential across a partially permeable membrane

Movement of charged ions against their gradient using carrier proteins and ATP

All of the available substrate is rapidly used up at the higher temperature

The activation energy of the reaction permanently increases with temperature

The enzyme is killed off by the heat as if it were a living organism

The enzyme is denatured as bonds break and the active site changes shape

Adenine with thymine, cytosine with guanine

Adenine with guanine, cytosine with thymine

Adenine with cytosine, guanine with thymine

Adenine with uracil, cytosine with guanine

Both strands of each new daughter molecule are completely newly synthesised

Each new molecule has one original strand and one new strand

Only one of the two new daughter molecules is actually copied

The original DNA is fully conserved without any copying taking place

Two

Three

Four

Eight

Simple diffusion

Facilitated diffusion

Osmosis

Active transport

The Golgi body

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The lysosome

The nucleolus

During prophase of mitosis

The S phase of interphase

During anaphase of mitosis

During cytokinesis at the end