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ScotlandHuman BiologyQuick questions
Area 1: Human Cells
Quick questions on Mutations: single-gene and chromosome structure mutations - SQA Higher Human Biology
4short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What is substitution?Show answer
One base is replaced by a different base, so only one codon changes. The effect can be:
What is insertion and deletion?Show answer
A nucleotide is added (insertion) or removed (deletion). Because codons are read in fixed groups of three, adding or losing a base shifts the reading frame:
What is q1?Show answer
Name the type of single-gene mutation that adds an extra nucleotide to the sequence. [1 mark]
What is q2?Show answer
Explain why a frame-shift mutation usually has a greater effect than a substitution. [1 mark]
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