International issues: SQA Advanced Higher Modern Studies quiz quiz

States cooperate naturally under a world government

States pursue national interest and security in an anarchic system where power is decisive

Power does not matter in international relations

Only international institutions hold real power

That anarchy makes cooperation impossible

That military force is the only source of influence

That trade, interdependence, institutions and law make cooperation possible and increasingly normal

That states should never cooperate

Realism

Constructivism

Classical liberalism

Functionalism

The state's supreme authority over its own territory and population

The number of soldiers a state has

Membership of the United Nations

A state's total wealth

Hard power attracts; soft power coerces

Hard power coerces through military and economic force; soft power attracts and persuades through culture, values and diplomacy

They are the same thing

Soft power applies only to small states

The climate of different regions

The number of dominant centres of power: unipolar, bipolar or multipolar

The number of international treaties

A state's voting system

It abolishes sovereignty entirely

It has no effect on states

It constrains practical control through interdependence and global problems, while powerful states also shape globalisation

It makes all states equally powerful

A national government

A multinational corporation, NGO or terrorist group

A sovereign parliament

A head of state

Described in the abstract as background

Listed without comment

Applied as a tool to explain the issue and then evaluated for how well it fits

Ignored in favour of opinion

Because international information is often contested and politicised, produced by actors with interests

Because sources are always reliable

Because the source never matters

Because only statistics count

Only military invasion

Only domestic policy

No responses are examinable

Cooperation through institutions, intervention, aid, sanctions and diplomacy

Because responses never have any effect

Because effectiveness is always obvious

Because it depends on for whom, over what timescale, and against what alternative

Because international issues are not examinable

As proof that states have abandoned self-interest

As irrelevant to power

As always fully effective

As likely to follow the interests of powerful states, since institutions reflect their power

Describing each theory separately

Arguing between theories with evidence and reaching a substantiated judgement

Listing as many events as possible

Avoiding any conclusion

That research methods are not examined here

That the international content and the research methods strand are tested together

That only essays are set

That the section is optional reading