CCEA GCSE Biology microorganisms and health overview quiz quiz

Bacteria

Viruses

Fungi

Platelets

Cold, dry conditions with no food

Warmth, moisture and a supply of food

Freezing temperatures

High salt and no water

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Hydrogen

To make the culture grow faster

To prevent contamination by unwanted, possibly harmful, microorganisms

To add more nutrients

To raise the temperature

A useful microorganism

A microorganism that causes disease

A type of white blood cell

A vaccine

Phagocytosis by white blood cells

Antibody production

The skin acting as a barrier

Memory cells

A white blood cell engulfs and digests a pathogen

Antibodies neutralise toxins

Memory cells are destroyed

Bacteria reproduce

They work on every pathogen

Each type locks onto the antigens of one particular pathogen

They are made only once

They neutralise toxins

A live, fully active pathogen

A dead or weakened pathogen, or its antigens

Only antibodies

An antibiotic

The skin is thicker

Memory cells recognise the pathogen and make antibodies quickly and in large amounts

There are fewer pathogens

Antibiotics are released

Everyone in a population catching the disease

Vaccinating most people so the pathogen cannot spread, protecting the unvaccinated too

Giving everyone antibiotics

Immunity that only farm animals have

Colds are caused by bacteria

A cold is caused by a virus, and antibiotics only work on bacteria

The dose is always too small

Antibiotics only work on fungi

Bacteria decide to resist the antibiotic

By chance mutation, then natural selection makes resistant bacteria more common when antibiotics are used

Antibiotics make bacteria stronger on purpose

Viruses pass resistance to bacteria

Take antibiotics for every illness

Only use antibiotics when needed and always finish the course

Stop antibiotics as soon as you feel better

Use antibiotics freely in farming