Eduqas A-Level Sociology Component 1 Section A socialisation and culture overview quiz quiz

Norms are specific rules of expected behaviour; values are the broad principles behind them

They mean exactly the same thing and the two terms can be used completely interchangeably

Values are the specific rules for particular situations; norms are the broad principles that lie behind them

Norms are formal written laws of the state; values are simply the informal customs of society

The school

The family

The workplace

The media

Secret subjects taught only to a small, select group of the most able pupils in the school

The official exam syllabus and the set list of formal subjects that pupils are taught

The informal lessons schools teach, such as punctuality, obedience and competition

A law passed by Marxist sociologists to control what is taught in schools

As a process that simply reproduces ruling-class ideology in each generation

As a one-way brainwashing process serving no real social purpose at all

As something that is largely irrelevant to maintaining social order

As transmitting a shared value consensus that integrates society

Personal identity is the unique individual self; social identity comes from group membership and labels

There is no difference at all between them, as the two terms describe one and the same thing

Personal identity comes entirely from the social groups one belongs to; social identity is the unique individual self

Both personal and social identity are fixed biologically at birth and cannot change over a lifetime

Identity is fixed entirely by a person's social class at birth and can never be changed afterwards

Identity has become a reflexive project, picked and mixed through consumption and lifestyle

Identity does not exist at all and is merely an illusion with no real meaning

Identity is purely biological and is determined wholly by a person's genes

Formal control is everyday unwritten social pressure from peers, while informal control is the law enforced by the courts

They are exactly the same thing, with no meaningful difference between the two types of social control at all

Formal control is exercised by official agencies with written rules; informal control is everyday social pressure

Formal control only ever happens within the family, while informal control happens everywhere else in society

Positive sanctions punish deviance, while negative sanctions reward conformity to the rules

Both positive and negative sanctions are simply different forms of punishment for deviance

Both positive and negative sanctions are simply different forms of reward for conformity

Positive sanctions reward conformity; negative sanctions punish deviance

Abilities such as language and social skills depend on socialisation

Human behaviour is entirely genetic and fixed from the moment of birth

Children do not actually need any human contact in order to develop normally

Nature alone fully explains human behaviour, with nurture playing no part

A pure nature position: biology alone determines everything about human behaviour

An interactionist position: nature provides potential, but nurture shapes how it develops

A pure nurture position, regarded as having been conclusively proven by the feral-children cases

The whole debate is meaningless and not worth any serious study by sociologists