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Topic 19: Modern Analytical Techniques - NMR and Chromatography

4 dot points across 4 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How do spectroscopy and chromatography let us determine the structure of an unknown compound?

Proton and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy, chemical shift and splitting, combining spectroscopic data to determine structures, and chromatography (TLC, gas and HPLC) for separation and analysis.
An Edexcel 9CH0 answer covering proton and carbon-13 NMR, chemical shift and splitting, combining spectroscopic data to deduce structure, and chromatography techniques.
10 min answer →

How do benzene, carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids react?

The structure and electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene, the reactions of aldehydes and ketones, and the reactions of carboxylic acids and their derivatives.
An Edexcel 9CH0 Topic 18 answer covering the structure and electrophilic substitution of benzene, the reactions of aldehydes and ketones, and carboxylic acids and their derivatives.
10 min answer →

How do nitrogen-containing compounds react, and how are polymers built and broken down?

The preparation and reactions of amines, amino acids and proteins, and the formation and properties of addition and condensation polymers including their disposal.
An Edexcel 9CH0 Topic 19 answer covering amines, amino acids and proteins, and the formation, properties and disposal of addition and condensation polymers.
9 min answer →

How do we plan multi-step syntheses and account for the handedness of molecules?

Optical isomerism and chirality, the synthesis of organic compounds through multi-step routes, choosing reagents and conditions, and the importance of single enantiomers in the pharmaceutical industry.
An Edexcel 9CH0 answer covering optical isomerism and chirality, planning multi-step organic syntheses, reagents and conditions, and single enantiomers in pharmaceuticals.
9 min answer →