Wales · WJECQ&A
BiologyQ&A by dot point
A short Q&A bank for every Wales Biology syllabus dot point. Each question and answer is drawn directly from our worked dot-point page, so you can scan key concepts before opening the long-form answer.
Unit 1: Basic Biochemistry and Cell Organisation
- Enzymes as biological catalysts, the induced-fit model, the effect of temperature, pH, substrate and enzyme concentration, and the action of inhibitors.6Q&A pairs
- The cell cycle and mitosis, the significance of meiosis, and how mitosis and meiosis differ.3Q&A pairs
- The fluid-mosaic model of membrane structure, and how substances cross membranes by diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport and bulk transport.3Q&A pairs
- The ultrastructure of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, the functions of organelles, the differences between plant and animal cells, and the levels of organisation from cells to organisms.3Q&A pairs
- The roles of inorganic ions and water, the structure of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, condensation and hydrolysis, and the biochemical tests for these molecules.3Q&A pairs
- The structure of DNA and RNA, the roles of ATP, semi-conservative DNA replication, and the principle of protein synthesis.3Q&A pairs
Unit 2: Biodiversity and Physiology of Body Systems
- The features of efficient gas exchange surfaces, and gas exchange in humans, fish, insects and plants.3Q&A pairs
- Modes of nutrition, the human digestive system and digestion of food, absorption, and adaptations for different diets.3Q&A pairs
- The mammalian circulatory system and heart, oxygen transport by haemoglobin, and transport of water and assimilates in plants.3Q&A pairs
- The principles of classification and phylogeny, the three domains and five kingdoms, biodiversity, and how to measure species diversity.3Q&A pairs
- Pathogens and the global impact of infectious disease, the immune response, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance.3Q&A pairs
Unit 3: Energy, Homeostasis and the Environment
- The principles of homeostasis and negative feedback, the structure and function of the kidney, ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption and osmoregulation.3Q&A pairs
- The effects of human activity on biodiversity, deforestation and agriculture, pollution and climate change, and conservation.3Q&A pairs
- The role of ATP, the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, and the factors that limit the rate.3Q&A pairs
- The structure of bacteria, aseptic technique, culturing microorganisms, the growth curve, and methods of measuring growth.3Q&A pairs
- Ecosystems, energy flow and nutrient cycles, population growth and the factors that limit it, and succession.3Q&A pairs
- Glycolysis, the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and anaerobic respiration.3Q&A pairs
- The structure of neurones, the resting and action potentials, conduction of nerve impulses, and synaptic transmission.3Q&A pairs
Unit 4: Variation, Inheritance and Applications
- Genetic engineering, the polymerase chain reaction and gene technology, gene therapy, cloning, and the Human Genome Project.3Q&A pairs
- Monohybrid and dihybrid inheritance, sex linkage, the sources of variation, natural selection and speciation.3Q&A pairs
- Gametogenesis and the menstrual cycle in humans, fertilisation, and sexual reproduction and the life cycle in flowering plants.3Q&A pairs
- The structure of skeletal muscle, the sliding filament theory of contraction, the role of ATP and calcium, and the role of the skeleton and joints.3Q&A pairs