SQA Higher Geography Human Environments overview quiz quiz

The census, an official count usually taken every ten years

A short voluntary questionnaire, sent out and collected every single year

Vital registration of births and deaths, carried out once every fifty years

A small sample survey of households, repeated at the end of every month

Birth rates rise very sharply across the whole of the population

Better food, clean water and medicine reduce deaths, especially of infants

Large numbers of people emigrate and leave the country altogether

Contraception becomes widely available, and so the average family size starts to fall

An ageing developed country with a long life expectancy and few births

A country with no migration either into or out of its borders at all

A developing country with high birth rates and short life expectancy

A balanced, stable population with even numbers in every age group

High unemployment and a lack of jobs in the home area

War, conflict and persecution in the migrant's home country

Crop failure and famine affecting the source region

The availability of jobs and safety in the destination

The spread of desert-like conditions as dry land is degraded

The flooding of low-lying farmland by a river bursting its banks

The outward growth of large cities into the surrounding countryside

The deliberate planting of trees and crops out in a desert region

A narrow, deep valley

Overgrazing by too many animals

High albedo of polar ice

A long lag time on a hydrograph

Building large and very expensive hydroelectric dams right across all the major rivers

Constructing wide motorways and major roads across the dry land

Stone lines and tree planting to trap water and soil and reduce erosion

Importing all of the region's food from other countries abroad

The Sahel

The Cairngorms

The Clyde estuary delta

Glasgow

Through a ring road, the Glasgow Subway, park-and-ride and pedestrianised streets

By permanently banning every single private car from entering anywhere in the whole of the city

By building shanty towns on the edge of the city for newcomers

By draining the River Clyde to create more land for new roads

The government deliberately builds them as carefully planned new housing estates

Rapid rural-to-urban migration outpaces the supply of housing and services

Most people simply prefer to live without any basic services at all

Tourists visiting the city need somewhere cheap to stay overnight

A council scheme to demolish all of the informal housing across the whole city and clear the land completely for redevelopment

A new ring road and motorway network built right around the edge of a growing city to ease congestion

Providing a plot with basic water, sewerage and electricity plus materials so residents build and improve their own homes

A special tax charged on rural migrants when they first arrive in the city looking for work and housing

A large and sustained increase in the total number of young, skilled workers living in the source region overall

A flashy hydrograph with a short lag time and a very high peak discharge after rainfall

Rapid industrialisation as new factories and heavy industry open across the source region

Loss of young, working-age people and an ageing population left behind, though remittances may be sent home