Edexcel GCSE History The British sector of the Western Front overview quiz quiz

Straight, so that soldiers and supplies could move along them faster

A zigzag, so an enemy could not fire straight down the line

A circle, so that the position could be defended from every direction

A spiral, so that the enemy would become confused and lose their way

Lice living in the seams of soldiers' clothing

Repeated chlorine and mustard gas attacks

Standing in cold, wet, muddy trenches

The constant stress and noise of heavy shelling

Rats

Dirty water

Bad food

Lice

Shrapnel and shell fire

Poison gas attacks

Disease such as trench fever

Bayonets used in hand-to-hand fighting

Harmless helium gas

Mustard gas

Ordinary breathable oxygen

Plain nitrogen from the air

The Regimental Aid Post just behind the front line

The Base Hospital near the French coast and ports

The Casualty Clearing Station

The front line trench during a major attack

The RAMC, the Royal Army Medical Corps

The Home Guard, who defended Britain itself

The WAAF, the women's branch of the air force

The FANY (First Aid Nursing Yeomanry)

It raised survival rates for broken legs from about 20 to around 80 percent

It completely cured gas gangrene even in the most badly infected and dirty wounds

It replaced the blood that a wounded soldier had lost on the battlefield

It located pieces of shrapnel buried deep inside the soldier's body

Freezing it completely solid until it was needed

Adding sodium citrate to stop clotting, and cooling it

Boiling the blood to kill any germs living in it

Mixing the blood with plenty of clean water so it would last much longer

Harold Gillies

Joseph Lister

Harvey Cushing

Alexander Fleming

Setting broken bones and holding the limb completely straight and still while it healed over time

Storing blood for later transfusion by stopping it from clotting

Taking x-rays to find pieces of metal buried inside the body

Treating infected wounds by cutting away dead tissue and flushing with salt solution

Four short parts: the detail, the question, a source and how it helps

A single long essay weighing up both sides before reaching a judgement

Only a judgement on how reliable the named source actually is

A list of every different type of source a historian might use

Reject any source that shows clear signs of bias, treating it as useless

Say what the source is useful for, not just whether it is reliable

Only use the provenance and never look at the content itself

Ignore your own knowledge and judge the source on its own