Edexcel GCSE Geography B Topic 3 Challenges of an urbanising world overview quiz quiz

1950

1980

2007

2050

1 million

5 million

50 million

10 million

When one city dominates a country economically and politically

When a city has very little industry and few factory jobs to offer

When a city grows only by natural increase rather than by migration

When a city has no slums or informal settlements anywhere within it

Better-paid factory jobs in the city

Rural poverty and lack of services

City healthcare and education

A perceived better quality of life in the city

Counter-urbanisation

De-industrialisation

Urban primacy

Suburbanisation

Commercial shops and offices

Heavy polluting industry and large factories

Spacious low-density family housing with gardens

Open farmland used for growing crops and grazing

Kenya

Nigeria

South Africa

Egypt

Fallen sharply from 15 million people down to under 2 million

Stayed at roughly about the same size for the whole period

Grown from under 1.5 million to over 15 million

Grown from 100 million people to around 200 million

A wealthy gated suburb full of expensive housing

The Central Business District at the heart of the city

A modern industrial estate full of large factories

A slum settlement built on stilts over the lagoon

Employment in the formal and informal economy

Worsening traffic congestion on the city's roads

Severe housing shortages across the whole city

Inadequate sanitation and the spread of disease

A small bottom-up community-led strategy

A top-down city-wide government strategy

An NGO-run self-help scheme for the urban poor

A rural diversification scheme in the countryside

There are simply no jobs at all of any kind in these fast-growing cities

Governments deliberately ban all formal, registered work in the city centre

Rapid growth means formal jobs are too few, so people work in unregistered trading and services

Almost everyone living in the city works in large modern factories built on the outer edge of town