GeographyQ&A by dot point

The consequences of uneven development, and how investment, industrial development, aid, intermediate technology, fair trade, debt relief, microfinance and tourism can reduce the development gap.

The optional resource (food, water or energy): the global pattern of supply and demand, the impacts of insecurity, and strategies to increase supply sustainably, with case studies.

A case study of a newly emerging economy (Nigeria): its global and regional importance, the changing industrial structure, the role of transnational corporations and aid, and the environmental and quality-of-life impacts of growth.

The significance of food, water and energy to economic and social wellbeing, and an overview of how the demand for and provision of these resources is changing in the UK.

Measures of development, the Demographic Transition Model, the causes of uneven development, and the strategies used to reduce the global development gap.

Economic change in the UK, the move to a post-industrial economy, the impacts of industry on the environment, changes in the rural landscape, transport improvements, the north-south divide and the UK's global links.

A case study of a major UK city: its location and importance, the impacts of national and international migration, the social, economic and environmental opportunities and challenges of urban change, and features of sustainable urban living.

Global patterns of urbanisation, the causes and consequences of urban growth, and the social, economic and environmental challenges and opportunities that rapid urban growth creates.

A case study of a major city in an LIC or NEE: its location and importance, the causes of growth, the opportunities and challenges of growth, and how squatter settlements can be improved.

Fieldwork: the enquiry process, suitable questions and hypotheses, primary and secondary data collection, presentation, analysis, conclusions and evaluation, across one physical and one human enquiry.

Geographical skills: cartographic skills with OS maps (grid references, scale, distance, direction, relief), graphical skills, and numerical and statistical skills used throughout the qualification.

The issue evaluation: using a pre-release resource booklet to analyse a contemporary geographical issue, weigh up options and reach a justified decision in Paper 3 Section A.

Wave types and coastal processes of weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and deposition; erosional and depositional landforms; and the costs and benefits of hard and soft coastal management.

The concept of an ecosystem, the balance between living and non-living components, food chains, food webs, nutrient cycling, a small-scale UK ecosystem, and the global distribution and characteristics of large-scale biomes.

Glacial processes of erosion, transport and deposition, the resulting erosional and depositional landforms, and the economic opportunities and conflicts in glaciated upland areas.

The physical characteristics and adaptations of hot deserts, the opportunities and challenges of developing a hot desert, the causes of desertification, and strategies to reduce the risk.

Definition and types of natural hazard, hazard risk; plate tectonics theory, plate margins, and the effects of and responses to a tectonic hazard in a contrasting pair of countries.

The long profile and changing valley cross profile of a river, fluvial processes of erosion, transport and deposition, erosional and depositional landforms, and hard and soft flood management.

The physical characteristics, interdependence and plant and animal adaptations of tropical rainforests, the causes and impacts of deforestation, the value of rainforests, and strategies for sustainable management.

An overview of the location of the UK's major upland and lowland areas and its main rivers, as the foundation for studying coastal, river and glacial landscapes.

Global atmospheric circulation, the formation, structure and distribution of tropical storms, the effects of and responses to a named tropical storm, UK extreme weather, and evidence, causes, effects and management of climate change.