AQA GCSE Chemistry 4.2 Bonding, structure and the properties of matter overview quiz quiz

Covalent bonding

Ionic bonding

Metallic bonding

No bonding

They are shared equally in pairs between the bonded atoms

They are transferred from the metal to the non-metal

They become delocalised and free to move across the structure

They are removed completely and lost from the substance

They have only weak intermolecular forces acting between separate small molecules

They contain a sea of delocalised electrons free to move

There are many strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions

Their individual molecules are extremely large and heavy

The covalent bonds inside each of the molecules are very weak and break easily

They contain free ions that can move and carry charge

They are arranged as giant lattices held by strong bonds

The intermolecular forces between molecules are weak and easily overcome

Graphite

Diamond

Silicon dioxide

Buckminsterfullerene

Shared pairs of electrons between non-metals

Positive metal ions in a sea of delocalised electrons

Transferred electrons forming a giant lattice of ions

Neutral atoms held by weak forces

Its bonds become ionic instead of metallic when other elements are added

It has far fewer delocalised electrons holding the ions together

Different-sized atoms distort the layers so they cannot slide easily

It contains no metal ions once the alloy has been made

(s)

(l)

(g)

(aq)

1 to 100 nm

100 to 2500 nm

2500 to 10000 nm

1 to 100 micrometres

They have a very small surface area to volume ratio compared with larger lumps

They have a very large surface area to volume ratio

They are always strongly electrically charged particles

They are made of pure unreactive metal only

Ionic

Simple molecular

Metallic

Giant covalent

A hollow ball made of exactly 60 carbon atoms joined together

A form of pure silicon used in electronics

An ionic compound formed from carbon and a metal

A single layer of graphite, one atom thick