AQA GCSE Biology 4.1 Cell biology overview quiz quiz

A cell membrane surrounding the cell

A nucleus enclosed in a membrane

Cytoplasm filling the inside of the cell

Ribosomes where proteins are made

Nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria, which are in animal cells too

Cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, which animal cells also have

Cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole

Plasmids, flagella and chloroplasts, found in bacteria as well

The nucleus, which holds the DNA

The ribosomes attached to the membrane

The cell wall around the outside

The mitochondria

Differentiation

Mitosis, when a cell divides in two

Diffusion of particles down a gradient

Fertilisation of an egg by a sperm

Four genetically different cells

Two genetically identical daughter cells

Gametes with half the number of chromosomes

Cells with twice the normal DNA

The movement of any dissolved particle down a concentration gradient until it is evenly spread out

The movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy released by respiration in the cell

The diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane from a dilute to a more concentrated solution

The active uptake of mineral ions by the root hair cells of a plant from the soil

Because it moves dissolved substances down the concentration gradient

Because it only ever happens in plant cells and never in animal cells

Because water molecules are unable to move at all without using energy

Because it moves substances against the concentration gradient

50 $\mu m$

5 $\mu m$

500 $\mu m$

0.05 $\mu m$

It is cheaper to buy and easier to carry around the laboratory

It has much higher magnification and resolution

It can be used to view living cells while they are still alive

It uses a beam of ordinary light to form the image on the screen

A root hair cell

A xylem cell

A meristem cell

A guard cell

A smaller surface area on the cell membrane

A lower temperature surrounding the cell

A longer distance for the particles to diffuse

A steeper concentration gradient

To increase the rate of exchange of substances

To slow down the movement of substances across the surface

To prevent osmosis from happening across the membrane

To stop active transport of mineral ions taking place