OCR A-Level Psychology individual differences area core studies overview quiz quiz

A controlled laboratory experiment with random allocation

A large-scale questionnaire survey

A longitudinal case study

A brain scan of one child

A conditioned response to being bitten by a horse

A learned fear of all large animals

An innate fear of the dark

His father (displaced Oedipal fear)

Psychodynamic

Social learning theory

Cognitive

Evolutionary

The Stroop colour-word interference test

The Reading the Mind in the Eyes task

A digit-span working memory test

A simple visual reaction-time task

Significantly higher

The same

Significantly lower

They could not complete it

To check that the autism group could still recognise basic facial emotions from the same photographs

To measure general nonverbal intelligence across the groups

To test short-term visual memory

To check the deficit was specific to mental states, not general eye perception

Yerkes' Army tests

Binet's original Paris scale

Wechsler's adult scale

Spearman's g factor work

Genuinely lower inherited intelligence in those groups

Cultural bias and poor test administration

A simple lack of effort by the recruits

Nothing more than random sampling chance

To redesign school curricula for recruits returning from the war

To select army officers in a fair and unbiased way

To support the racist 1924 Immigration Restriction Act

They were quietly shelved and never used at all

Using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes task scores

Using a standard adult IQ test threshold

Using only a self-report personality questionnaire completed by inmates

Using the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R)

More cause-and-effect and basic-needs language, less emotion

More intense emotional and social language than non-psychopaths

No measurable difference in their language at all

Far more references to family bonds and to spirituality

Everyone is essentially the same once you control for situation

People differ in meaningful, measurable ways

Behaviour is purely situational, not dispositional

Behaviour cannot be studied scientifically