OCR A-Level Product Design design thinking and the design process overview quiz quiz

Repeated cycles of explore, create and evaluate, refining on feedback each time

Moving once through fixed sequential stages and evaluating only right at the very end

Designing the whole product without carrying out any research at all

Only ever making a single prototype and never revising it

It is always guaranteed to be cheaper than any linear design process every time

Problems and user needs are found and fixed continually, reducing late failure

It does away with the need to build and test any prototypes at all

It removes the need to write a product design specification

Asking users for their opinions only once, right at the very end of the project

Designing only what the designer personally happens to prefer and to find appealing

Involving users throughout, in research and in evaluating prototypes at each cycle

Deliberately ignoring user feedback in order to save time and reduce costs

The product must weigh under 500 g when fully assembled

The product must cost under 15 pounds to manufacture

The handle must measure 32 to 38 mm in diameter

Design a portable lamp for university students

So they can be tested objectively at evaluation to prove the product meets them

To make the specification document look much longer and more thorough than it is

Because writing vague or unmeasurable criteria is against the law

To avoid having to carry out any user research at all

Analysis, Cost, Creativity, Efficiency, Style, Sustainability, Form, Method

Aesthetics, Cost, Customer, Environment, Size, Safety, Function, Materials

Aesthetics, Colour, Customer, Energy, Shape, Strength, Function, Mass

Analysis, Cost, Customer, Ethics, Size, Safety, Finish, Manufacture

Reading a published anthropometric data table for adults

Consulting a published market research report

Observing and measuring how a sample of users sit

Reviewing a competitor's published specification

Information collected first-hand by the designer for this project

Information that is by its nature always out of date and unreliable

Testing a prototype directly with a sample of real users

Information that already exists, gathered by others

A quick foam or card sketch model

A fully working electronic prototype

A finished injection-moulded part

A dimensioned orthographic drawing

A photorealistic coloured render intended to sell the concept to the client

Separate dimensioned front, plan and side views with a scale for the manufacturer

A view of all the parts pulled apart along their own axes to show the assembly order

A rough freehand idea sketch to share quickly with the design team

How the finished product will look in full colour and context

The exact dimensions and tolerances of one single face

How the parts fit together and in what order they assemble

The recommended retail market price of the product

A fully dimensioned working drawing intended for the manufacturer

A written list of measurable specification criteria for the product

A third-angle orthographic projection of the separate views

A rendered presentation drawing with colour, materials and context

Bring different expertise and users into the design, catching problems from many viewpoints early

Completely remove the need to test any prototypes with real users at any single point in the whole project

Are always guaranteed to reduce the overall cost of developing the product

Replace the need to write a detailed product design specification

Whichever technique simply looks the most visually impressive on the page

The stage of the project and the audience (client versus manufacturer)

How long the technique takes to produce, regardless of purpose

The designer's own favourite piece of drawing software