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The linguistic frameworks toolkit

6 dot points across 6 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How do you analyse a text or transcript at the level of whole-text structure and cohesion, and how do you read the organisation of talk?

Discourse: whole-text structure and organisation, cohesion (referencing, conjunction, lexical cohesion), and the structure of spoken interaction (turn-taking, adjacency pairs, openings and closings, repair), and the move from a discourse feature to its effect (AO1 and AO3 across the Eduqas A700 components).
How to analyse a text or spoken transcript at the level of discourse for Eduqas A-Level English Language (A700): whole-text structure, cohesion (referencing, conjunction, lexical cohesion), and the structure of conversation (turn-taking, adjacency pairs, openings, closings, repair), and the move from a discourse feature to its effect, central to AO1 and AO3 in the Component 1 spoken analysis.
13 min answer →

How do you analyse a text or transcript at the level of grammar, and how do you turn a structural feature into a point about meaning?

Grammar (morphology and syntax): word formation and inflection, word classes, phrases and clauses, sentence types and functions, mood and voice, and the move from a grammatical feature to its effect on meaning (AO1 and AO3 across the Eduqas A700 components).
How to analyse a text or spoken transcript at the level of grammar for Eduqas A-Level English Language (A700): morphology and word formation, word classes, phrases and clauses, sentence types and functions, mood and voice, and the move from a grammatical feature to its effect on meaning, central to AO1 and AO3 across all four components.
14 min answer →

How do you analyse the visual dimension of a text, and how do you read layout, typography and images alongside the words?

Graphology and multimodality: layout, typography, colour and images, the relationship between visual and verbal modes (anchorage, salience, reading paths), and the move from a graphological or multimodal feature to its effect, especially in designed and digital texts (AO1 and AO3 across the Eduqas A700 components).
How to analyse the visual dimension of a text for Eduqas A-Level English Language (A700): layout, typography, colour and images, the relationship between visual and verbal modes (anchorage, salience, reading paths), and the move from a graphological feature to its effect, central to analysing designed and digital texts across the components.
12 min answer →

How do you analyse a text or transcript at the level of lexis and semantics, and how do you turn word choice into a point about meaning?

Lexis and semantics: analysing word choice, word classes, semantic fields, connotation and denotation, formality and register, and the move from a lexical feature to its effect on meaning (AO1 and AO3 across the Eduqas A700 components).
How to analyse a text or spoken transcript at the level of lexis and semantics for Eduqas A-Level English Language (A700): word classes, semantic fields, connotation and denotation, formality and register, and the move from a lexical feature to its effect on meaning, the core of AO1 and AO3 in every analytical task.
13 min answer →

How do you analyse the sounds of language, and how do you read phonological and prosodic features in a spoken transcript?

Phonetics, phonology and prosody: the IPA and speech sounds, phonological patterning (alliteration, sibilance, plosives), accent features, and the prosody of delivery (intonation, stress, pace, pause), and how to read them from a transcript (AO1 and AO3, central to Component 1).
How to analyse the sound of language for Eduqas A-Level English Language (A700): phonetics and the IPA, phonological patterning, accent features, and the prosody of delivery (intonation, stress, pace, pause). How to read phonological and prosodic notation in a Component 1 spoken transcript and move from feature to effect (AO1 and AO3).
13 min answer →

How do you analyse meaning beyond the literal, and how do you read implicature, politeness and context-dependent meaning in a text or transcript?

Pragmatics: implied meaning, Grice's maxims and implicature, speech acts, politeness and face, deixis and shared knowledge, and the move from a pragmatic feature to its effect on meaning (AO1, AO2 and AO3 across the Eduqas A700 components).
How to analyse meaning beyond the literal for Eduqas A-Level English Language (A700): implicature and Grice's maxims, speech acts, politeness and face, deixis and shared knowledge, and the move from a pragmatic feature to its effect, central to the spoken transcript analysis in Component 1 and to the language and power and situation topics.
13 min answer →