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EnglandBiology

Topic 2: Genes and health

4 dot points across 4 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How does the structure of DNA store information and direct the synthesis of proteins?

The structure of DNA and RNA, semi-conservative DNA replication, the genetic code, and the processes of transcription and translation that make proteins.
An Edexcel A-Level Biology B answer on DNA and RNA structure, semi-conservative replication, the genetic code, and transcription and translation.
12 min answer →

How do enzymes work and what affects their rate of activity?

Enzymes as biological catalysts, the lock-and-key and induced-fit models, the effects of temperature, pH, substrate and enzyme concentration on rate, and the action of inhibitors.
An Edexcel A-Level Biology B answer on enzymes as catalysts, the lock-and-key and induced-fit models, factors affecting rate, and competitive and non-competitive inhibition.
12 min answer →

How does a gene mutation cause cystic fibrosis and affect the body?

The nature of gene mutations, the effect of the CFTR mutation on the chloride ion channel, how cystic fibrosis affects the lungs, digestion and reproduction, and the inheritance of the condition.
An Edexcel A-Level Biology B (Salters-Nuffield) answer on cystic fibrosis, covering the nature of gene mutations, the faulty CFTR chloride channel, the effects on the lungs, pancreas and reproductive system, and the recessive inheritance of the condition.
9 min answer →

How can we read and use genetic information to treat and screen for disease?

The principles of gene therapy and gene technology, genetic screening and prenatal testing, and the social and ethical issues raised by using genetic information.
An Edexcel A-Level Biology B (Salters-Nuffield) answer on gene technology and screening, covering gene therapy, genetic screening and prenatal testing, the use of genetic information, and the social and ethical issues these raise.
9 min answer →