4.3 Attachment

Covers AQA 4.3 animal studies of attachment: Lorenz's research on imprinting in geese and Harlow's research on contact comfort in rhesus monkeys, with evaluation.

Covers AQA 4.3 caregiver-infant interactions: reciprocity and interactional synchrony, Schaffer's stages of attachment, multiple attachments and the role of the father.

Covers AQA 4.3 cultural variations in attachment: van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg's meta-analysis, variation within and between cultures, and evaluation.

Covers AQA 4.3 explanations of attachment: learning theory (classical and operant conditioning) and Bowlby's monotropic theory, including critical period, social releasers and the internal working model.

Covers AQA 4.3 the influence of early attachment on later relationships, including the internal working model, the continuity hypothesis and the Hazan and Shaver love quiz.

Covers AQA 4.3 Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation, including the critical period and effects on development, plus Romanian orphan studies of institutionalisation.

Covers AQA 4.3 types of attachment: Ainsworth's Strange Situation procedure, the behaviours measured, and the three attachment types (secure, insecure-avoidant, insecure-resistant).